Madison County
Illinois — Natural Disaster Risk Assessment
MediumComposite Risk Score
National percentile: 93th
Madison County faces medium composite natural disaster risk (NRI Risk Index score 93.4, 93th national percentile), driven primarily by heat wave and tornado exposure. Expected annual loss across all 18 hazard types is $155M.
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 · Updated December 2025
Top Hazards
All 18 Hazard Risks
| Heat Wave | High | 14.74 / yr | $17M |
| Tornado | High | 0.68 / yr | $23M |
| Hail | High | 5.03 / yr | $5M |
| Earthquake | Medium | 0.01 / yr | $35M |
| Cold Wave | High | 1.79 / yr | $15M |
| Lightning | High | 49.90 / yr | $2M |
| Riverine Flood | Medium | 1.39 / yr | $56M |
| Winter Weather | High | 8.89 / yr | $481K |
| Landslide | Low | 0.57 / yr | $36K |
| Ice Storm | Medium | 1.18 / yr | $327K |
| Drought | Low | 1.66 / yr | $383K |
| Strong Wind | Medium | 6.23 / yr | $836K |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 0.01 / yr | $20K |
| Wildfire | Very Low | 0.00 / yr | $6K |
| Avalanche | Very Low | 0.00 / yr | $0 |
| Coastal Flood | Very Low | 0.00 / yr | $0 |
| Tsunami | Very Low | 0.00 / yr | $0 |
| Volcanic Activity | Very Low | 0.00 / yr | $0 |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the overall natural disaster risk for Madison County?
Madison County has a composite FEMA National Risk Index score of 93.4 out of 100, placing it in the Medium category and the 93th national percentile. This combines Expected Annual Loss, Social Vulnerability, and Community Resilience across 18 hazard types.
What are the top natural hazards in Madison County?
The three highest-rated hazards are Heat Wave (High, $17M EAL), Tornado (High, $23M EAL), Hail (High, $5M EAL). These account for most of the county's expected annual losses.
How does Madison County compare to other Illinois counties?
Madison County ranks #7 of 102 Illinois counties for overall natural disaster risk, with a medium rating.
What does Expected Annual Loss (EAL) mean?
EAL is FEMA's estimate of average annual dollar losses from natural hazards, calculated from historical event data and exposure models. Madison County's $155M EAL is a statistical average, not a guarantee for any specific year or address.